Results

ANCOVA

ANCOVA - extraversion
95% CI for ω²ₚ
Cases Sum of Squares df Mean Square F p ω²ₚ Lower Upper
nationality 32.582 2 16.291 3.978 .038 0.221 0.000 0.497
openness 53.080 1 53.080 12.963 .002 0.363 0.041 0.622
Residuals 69.612 17 4.095          
Note.  Type III Sum of Squares

Descriptives

Raincloud plots

extraversion

Marginal Means

Marginal Means - nationality
95% CI for Mean Difference
nationality Marginal Mean Lower Upper SE
Dutch 40.324 38.668 41.981 0.785
German 40.202 38.542 41.862 0.787
Belgian 37.623 36.009 39.237 0.765

ANOVA - Independence predictors

ANOVA - openness
Cases Sum of Squares df Mean Square F p
nationality 1.838 2 0.919 1.014 .383
Residuals 16.316 18 0.906    
Note.  Type III Sum of Squares

Linear Regression

Model Summary - extraversion
Model R R² Adjusted R² RMSE
M₀ 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.837
M₁ 0.753 0.568 0.491 2.024
Note.  M₁ includes nationality, openness
ANOVA
Model   Sum of Squares df Mean Square F p
M₁ Regression 91.381 3 30.460 7.439 .002
  Residual 69.612 17 4.095    
  Total 160.993 20      
Note.  M₁ includes nationality, openness
Note.  The intercept model is omitted, as no meaningful information can be shown.
Coefficients
Model   Unstandardized Standard Error Standardizedᵃ t p
M₀ (Intercept) 39.383 0.619   63.611 < .001
M₁ (Intercept) 25.903 3.903   6.637 < .001
  nationality (German) -0.122 1.141   -0.107 .916
  nationality (Belgian) -2.701 1.095   -2.466 .025
  openness 1.804 0.501 0.606 3.600 .002
ᵃ Standardized coefficients can only be computed for continuous predictors.